How will the first human city outside Earth be built?

NASA revealed new details about a project that if successful could become a reality, the focus is on the lunar south pole, a region considered strategic to concentrate areas permanently illuminated by the sun and possibly reserves of water ice hidden in shadowed craters. It is precisely there where American space intelligence intends to establish a continuous presence in the coming decades.

But surviving on the Lura is far from easy, we are talking about an environment where temperatures can exceed positive 120º in direct sunlight and fall to more than negative 200 degrees in permanently dark regions, there is no breathable atmosphere, no natural protection against cosmic radiation or easily accessible resources, so, before astronauts settle down for long periods, it will be necessary to build an enormous infrastructure.

According to plans released by NASA, the lunar settlement will be able to grow gradually over the years, occupying an area comparable to that of a large Earth city. The objective is not only to carry out scientific research, the Moon will be used as a survival laboratory to prepare for the great stage of space exploration, which is Mars. Before humans arrive en masse, however, machines will come. Starting in the coming years, robotic missions will begin to transport equipment, autonomous vehicles, scientific instruments and life support systems to the lunar surface.

Private companies will have a fundamental role in this process, such as Blue Origin, founded by Jeff Besos, is developing landers capable of carrying heavy loads to the Moon, other companies will also participate in the transportation of equipment, exploration vehicles and infrastructure necessary for future human operations. All of this paves the way for the Artemis 3 mission, which aims to return astronauts to the lunar surface for the first time since 1972, but there is a huge difference between this new generation of missions and the Apollo program.

Astronauts will not only visit the Moon, they will begin to occupy it, for the first time, our species begins to seriously consider expanding its borders to another world and plan works, future generations will be able to look towards the 2030s as the moment when humanity stopped being an exclusively terrestrial civilization to officially become a multi-planetary species, but before colonizing the moon, we need to solve many problems right here on Earth, don't they believe.

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